There will be 15 oral sessions, as follows:
14:30-16:00
Optical Communications Systems — 01 / Ametista Room16:30-18:00
Microwave Systems and Subsystems / Ametista Room14:30-16:00
Optical Sensors and TeraHertz — 01 / Safira Room16:30-18:00
Optical Components, Fibers and Devices — 01 / Safira Room14:30-16:00
Antenas — 01 / Topazio Room16:30-18:00
Antenas — 02 / Topazio Room14:30-16:00
Microwave and Optical Measurements / Industrial Applications / Ametista Room16:30-17:45
Optical Communications Systems — 02 / Ametista Room14:30-16:00
Optical Components, Fibers and Devices — 02 / Safira Room16:30-17:45
Optical Sensors and TeraHertz — 02 / Safira Room14:30-16:00
Antennas — 03 / Topazio Room16:30-18:00
Satellite Communication / Topazio Room14:30-16:00
Materials, Components, Circuits, Devices and Packaging / Turmalina Room16:30-18:00
RF Theory and Applications / Turmalina RoomOptical Communications Systems — 01 / Monday, August 28th / 14:30-16:00 / Ametista Room
Back to topTS-O-MON-01-01
This paper reviews our most recent results on mode-division multiplexing systems based on few-mode fibres with low differential mode delay, spanning from the fibre design optimization to the receiver memory dimensioning. First, the fibre refractive-index profile is optimized for low differential mode delay and low macro-bend losses. Afterwards, we present a semi-analytical model of the linear mode coupling induced by fibre imperfections and stress. Finally, the interplay between the linear mode coupling and the differential mode delay is studied numerically and analytically, allowing to quantify the receiver memory required for a given fibre span.
TS-O-MON-01-02
In this paper, we investigate the performance of unrepeatered optical transmission using nonlinear compensation, and dynamic equalization enhanced by forward error correction (FEC) feedback. The digital back-propagation (DBP) algorithm is used for nonlinear compensation, while error correction is provided by spatially-coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) codes. The technique is experimentally evaluated by the unrepeatered WDM transmission of 16x400 Gb/s single-carrier channels (66 GBd DP-16QAM) within a 75 GHz grid over 403 km (64.7 dB span loss), achieving 2.58 Pb/s.km. The results indicated Q2 margins to the FEC limit of up to 0.4 and 0.5 dB for 3 and 6-dBm average launch powers, respectively, exhibiting a tangible improvement compared with previous works.
TS-O-MON-01-03
This work reports the design and prototyping of a 100 Gbit/s OTN 40 nm test chip, manufactured as a test vehicle strategy for an OTN processor device under development at CPqD for the Brazilian telecom industry. The main issues related to the integration of third-party silicon intellectual property solutions are covered, together with the evaluation environment where the test chip was successfully validated.
TS-O-MON-01-04
We present a field demonstration of a distributed high birefringent localization based in POTDR-C (Polarization Optical Time Domain Reflectometer Converter). In such conception, a low cost converter is used after a commercial OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) to reduce spectral line width of OTDR laser. This ensures high sensitivity to SOP (State of Polarization) changes due to local birefringence of optical signal keeping high reach of hundreds kilometers of present OTDR technology. The proposed system was tested in a real installed system in one route of 106.70 km with accumulated polarization mode dispersion (PMD) of 31.46 ps. It successfully determined three segments of high PMD in the route of 8.1 km, 4.0 km and 4.1 km. Replacement of identified high PMD sections resulted in PMD reduction to 1.354 ps, very close to predicted value of 1.314 ps.
TS-O-MON-01-05
We investigate some key requirements for PAM4 operation at 56 Gbaud focusing on short-reach intra-data center interconnect. We report simulated results of bandwidth limitations for transmitter and receiver sides components with and without pulse shaping, presenting the penalties imposed in each scenario. We also evaluate chromatic dispersion tolerance for different values of bandwidth limitations, presenting the maximum possible reach without dispersion compensation. These analyses are important for an appropriated design of optical transmission systems employing 100G per wavelength.
Microwave Systems and Subsystems / Monday, August 28th / 16:30-18:00 / Ametista Room
Back to topTS-M-MON-02-01
This work presents the design, simulation, fabrication and measurement of a novel set of microstrip filters to perform the task of frequency discriminators. These filters' frequency responses are based on the balanced Gray-code. Results show that the use of the balanced Gray-code, as opposed to the traditional Gray-code, allowed 20% circuit size reduction by using 60% less resonators due to a change in the resonators' orientation.
TS-M-MON-02-02
Simulation studies of resonator split-ring resonators inserted in a rectangular waveguide WR-90 are conducted to determine the nature of wave propagation linked to the electric and magnetic responses of a metamaterial array inserted in a WR-90 waveguide. As expected, magnetic transmission band (around 3.6 GHz) is of backward-wave character. However, to the right of the isolated magnetic-resonance mini-band, there appears a wider transmission band (4-8 GHz) with multiple ripples which are identified as being of forward and backward types alternately. Unlike previous works on SRR-loaded waveguides, in which all the transmission resonances in the second band have been classified as of the forward-type, the occurrence of backward-wave transmission peaks in the second transmission band, as it is demonstrated here, has never been reported.
TS-M-MON-02-03
A Cartesian approach reflection coefficient measurement block based on a directional coupler and four quadrature mixers is presented in this work. The block was designed for use in an automatic impedance matching system in the ultra-high frequency range. Simulations, including parasitics, resulted in an average error of 3.4% full-scale and indicate a high potential of the approach for an implementation in integrated circuit technology. Measurements on a discrete setup demonstrate a maximum error of 28% full-scale and prove the usefulness of the approach.
TS-M-MON-02-04
This paper presents a compact dual-band dual polarized frequency selective surface (FSS) with angular stability for wireless communication applications. The proposed FSS element geometry is composed of a slotted cross dipole combined with four annular rings which are placed to provide symmetry along the conducting patch main axes. Simulation is performed using Ansoft HFSS software to ensure dual band and dual polarized performances which are suitable for modern wireless communication systems. The FSS angular stability is investigated considering the incidence of waves at different angles. Additionally, an investigation is performed for different polarized wave incidence. Simulation results are compared to measurements ones for validation purpose. Good agreement is observed between simulated and measured results.
TS-M-MON-02-05
In this paper, performance degradations of passive microwave components induced by deviations of metalstack dimensions in a 65nm CMOS technology are presented. Customarily, on-chip passive microwave components use special technology options which evacuate large areas from metal fillers in order to decrease eddy-current losses. An issue of interest is the influence of metal filler absence on the dimensions of the fabricated passive component. As a case study, intensive investigations are done on an on-chip transformer which is employed for impedance matching, noise cancellation, and bias-T diplexing in an inputstage of a multi-stage 24GHz low-noise amplifier. Performance of the low-noise amplifier's input-stage is shown and discussed. The investigations start with electro-magnetic field-simulation of the transformer with metalstack dimensions provided by the CMOS foundry. With a fabricated testchip the transformer is measured and compared to the simulated performance. Since significant deviations are observed a focused ion-beam analysis is done in order to extract precise dimensions for the transformer. With the gained information more accurate electro-magnetic simulations can be performed for future designs.
Optical Sensors and TeraHertz — 01 / Monday, August 28th / 14:30-16:00 / Safira Room
Back to topTS-S-MON-03-01
The Photonics and Instrumentation Laboratory (LIF) at the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro is a R&D laboratory mainly involved in optical sensors applied to Energy, Oil & Gas and Biotechnology areas. This paper demonstrates some techniques used by LIF to measure, detect and monitor several physical parameters applying plastic optical fiber (POF) either as sensor or as a communication channel for telemetry. The applications to be presented include measurement of electrical current in high voltage, temperature and leakage currents over insulators. We take advantage of the POF for its high insulation property, applying them to measure electrical parameters in high voltage environment. For each example presented, it will be shown the measurement principle, laboratory tests and field application.
TS-S-MON-03-02
This work describes the fabrication of a tactile sensing array instrumented with six optical fiber Bragg gratings. Bragg gratings were housed in silicone elastomer with the aid of a mold manufactured with a 3D printer using filament of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, 1.75 mm diameter. The sensor array was tested by measuring the FBGs wavelength shifts for different loads applied in the central position of the array. FBGs have shown linear responses with correlation coefficients better than 0.99. Additionally, the six FBGs have coupled responses, allowing the application of the sensor array in quasi-distributed tactile sensing.
TS-S-MON-03-03
We proposed and experimentally demonstrated a multiple machines sound listening using a spatially tunable phase-OTDR based distributed microphone. The distributed acoustic sensing capability, allied with the real-time spatial tuning, enabled this method to listen to a drill and a cooling water system pump placed in two different sections along a single optical fiber, one at a time. The recorded acoustic waveform profile of both machines agreed with their operating cycles. Moreover, the sounds generated by both engines were successfully distinguished through the proposed method besides both machines were operating simultaneously.
TS-S-MON-03-04
In this paper we demonstrate the terahertz propagation characteristics of 3D printed hollow core fibers with inner capillaries. The fibers were numerically characterized using a beam propagation method software. The guidance is supported by antiresonant effect and the spectral transmission was evaluated until 1.6 THz. Special designs were proposed exploring the versatility of 3D printing technique. The potential application of these THz waveguides as a refractometer is presented.
TS-S-MON-03-05
The evaluation of an optical fiber specklegram sensor on the assessment of multi-point displacements is reported. The light emitted by a 663 nm laser source is launched into the multimode fiber, resulting in an output speckle field that is detect by a CCD. The fiber is attached to 3 microbending transducers for specklegram modulation, being the intensity distribution referenced to the possible fiber statuses in order to calculate the relative speckle field changes. Finally, the obtained data is processed by artificial neural networks for retrieving the magnitude of each input displacement. The methodology was tested on the interrogation of 2 or 3 transducers, yielding maximum errors of 0.29 μm and 0.5 μm, respectively, regarding a 30 μm range. Although the specklegram sensitivity is reduced for a large number of attached devices, the methodology can be applied on the monitoring of small sensor arrays, providing a reliable alternative for time and wavelength-based multiplexing schemes.
Optical Components, Fibers and Devices — 01 / Monday, August 28th / 16:30-18:00 / Safira Room
Back to topTS-O-MON-04-01
Nonlinear carrier recombination dynamics is characterized in a 450 nm × 220 nm silicon nanowire by employing a time-resolved pump-and-probe experiment. Our results show that the recombination rate is faster at the early stages of the decay as compared to the final stages, in agreement with trapassisted mechanism. We have also demonstrated that by operating at high carrier density, faster excess carrier generation and recombination can be obtained, which we have used to improve the speed of an all-optical FCA based silicon switch from about 7 to 1 ns.
TS-O-MON-04-02
We present the design of a carrier depletion silicon modulator with series push-pull diode configuration and slow-wave transmission line for the 1550 nm wavelength range. The electro-optical bandwidth is 40 GHz at -2.5 V diode bias and 35 ohms termination resistance in a 3.15 mm long device. The modulation efficiency VpiLpi is 2.2 V.cm and optical loss 12.8 dB/cm for the same bias. The steps in the design process is detailed and simulation results are presented.
TS-O-MON-04-03
We present the concept of a hybrid integrated widely tunable III-V-on-silicon ring laser with 80 nm tuning range. Laser spontaneous emission is provided by two gain chips, one for the C band and the other for the L bands. Gain chip sections are duplexed into the SiP passive cavity using a lattice filter. Ring tunability is obtained using the Vernier effect between two ring resonators incorporated in the SiP cavity. We present numerical results of modeled laser cavity using a time-domain circuit simulator optimizing the choice of the output mirror reflectivity. The simulated performance shows a waveguide output power higher than 50mW with a high SMSR (>45dB) over the entire range.
TS-O-MON-04-04
A directly modulated silicon photonic DFB laser integrated with a SOA was used to validate error-free transmission over 25 km of standard single mode fiber at 1310 nm. Data in NRZ format at a rate of 10 Gbps with PRBS of length 2^{31}-1 were used in the experiment.
TS-O-MON-04-05
We present the ultrashort pulse generation of 250 fs from a mode-locked Erbium doped fiber laser by using mechanically exfoliated graphite saturable absorbers deposited onto side-polished surface of a D-shaped optical fiber.
Antenas — 01 / Monday, August 28th / 14:30-16:00 / Topazio Room
Back to topTS-M-MON-05-01
We present our latest advances in antenna miniaturization using dielectric resonators and design of sparse arrays for ultra-wide band applications without the need for non-linear numerical optimization. We experimentally demonstrate a dual-feed, low-profile, stacked dielectric resonator antenna for the C band with wide bandwidth and high gain, as well as a bio-inspired sparse array design for ultra-wide band applications. We show that the results presented can be successfully extended to other frequency windows, in particular the near-infrared range, where specific issues prevent the use of more conventional antenna and antenna array designs.
TS-M-MON-05-02
There are open issues related to efficient rectifying device (diode) for effective applications on energy harvesting and detectors based on micro/nano antennas. Some technological approaches have been developed to improve diode performance at Terahertz (THz) and optical frequency regimes. Diodes based on Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) structure is one of the best candidates for this task, mainly due to its relative simple architecture, as well as its capability to achieve high frequency operations. The tunneling current mechanism is the main effect that allows fast diode performances. However, there are challenges related to the fabrication process, due to very low thickness of its insulator barrier, usually below 3 nm. Motivated by this, in this theoretical study we design MIM diodes based on very promising insulator for THz and optical frequency operations based on Zinc Oxide (ZnO), combining with Aluminum (Al), Zinc (Zn) and Copper (Cu) metals; we analyze some basic performance features, assuming variations of the insulator thickness. Results show a critical dependence of MIM diode performance on small variations of this parameter. Therefore, this study indicates the necessity of a strict control of the manufacturing parameters.
TS-M-MON-05-03
The design of an active integrated antenna (AIA) front-end circuit using the ATF 34143 field effect transistor (FET) in a minimum noise figure (NF) condition for GPS frequencies is presented. Both RF and DC bias circuits are calculated for a co-designed probe fed circularly polarized rectangular microstrip antenna (CPRMA). To optimize performance a source inductance was added and tuned using a procedure that involves feedback from experimental to joint circuit/full-wave simulated results, achieving stability up to 13GHz. A prototype was implemented and tested; noise figure and gain measurements were performed following a detailed step-by-step process shown in this paper.
TS-M-MON-05-04
This paper presents the design, manufacture and tests of a microstrip antenna array with polarization diversity for radiofrequency sources tracking. The designed array is a composite part of a system based on the MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) algorithm, showing the importance of considering the use of polarization diversity in order to obtain a reliable solution of Direction of Arrival (DoA) of the incoming RF signal. The array performance is verified by means of some tests using a manufactured prototype.
TS-M-MON-05-05
We present a new finite-element time-domain (FETD) solver for analysis of axisymmetric devices based on discrete exterior calculus (DEC) and transformation optics (TO) concepts. The proposed FETD solver decomposes the fields into TE^{\phi} and TM^{\phi} modes, which are expanded by using appropriate set of (vector or scalar) basis functions. Utilizing DEC, trigonometric orthogonality, and a leap-frog time-integrator, we obtain energy-conserving fully discrete Maxwell's equations. We explore TO principles to map the original problem from a cylindrical system to an equivalent problem on a Cartesian mesh embedded on an effective (artificial) inhomogeneous medium with radial variation. The new FETD solver is illustrated for the efficient solution of a backward-wave oscillator (BWO) encompassing a slow-wave waveguide with sinusoidal corrugations.
Antenas — 02 / Monday, August 28th / 16:30-18:00 / Topazio Room
Back to topTS-M-MON-06-01
This paper presents the design of a compact UHF RFID tag antenna with a bent and rectangular microstrip patch. Additionally, it utilizes Complementary Split-Ring Resonators(CSSRs) in the ground plane in order to reduce the size of the antenna. The RFID tag is composed by a RO3003 Rogers Substrate with the electric permittivity of 3.0 and an UCODE7 SL3S1204 chip from NXP Semiconductor. The size of the is RFID tag is 36.5 x 22.5 x 0.795 mm designed to operate with a frequency of 915 MHz. The performance of the proposed antenna was analyzed in terms of antenna gain and return loss through simulations in CST Microwave Studio software. The results show that the use of complementary split ring resonator with the RFID tag reduce the size of the antenna in 30 percent.
TS-M-MON-06-02
In this paper, a custom software defined radio that implements a smart antenna array is used in the task of real-time beamforming. Specific beamforming algorithms are implemented in FPGA, remotely controlled by a computer host. The antenna array is mounted in a metallic cylinder and tested in anechoic chamber. Experimental measurements highlight the efficiency of the algorithms implementation. Moreover, the performance differences between the algorithms allow a better comprehension of the challenges of such real-time implementation regarding the hardware, software, and firmware developments.
TS-M-MON-06-03
This work presents the development of an optically controlled slot antenna capable of operating at two different resonant frequencies, 2.5 and 5.1 GHz. A silicon switch controls the frequency operation. The proposed antenna design was analyzed in terms of S-parameters and gain. Measured results shows a difference of 20 dB for the reflection coefficient and 3 dB in the antenna gain, between the switch "on" and "off" state. The prototype was also tested under a data transmission in a multi band photonic down conversion system. Measurements results show the antenna performance in the reception compared to a fixed broadband antenna.
TS-M-MON-06-04
This paper presents the design of an on-chip patch antenna on indium phosphide (InP) substrate for short-range wireless communication at 140 GHz. The antenna shows a simulated gain of 5.3 dBi with 23% bandwidth at 140 GHz and it can be used for either direct chip-to-chip communication or chip-level integration and packaging. In the transmission frequency band from 130 GHz to 150 GHz the estimated in-band gain variation is 0.5 dBi which guarantees gain uniformity. The antenna with optimized dimension is implemented for a transition between elevated coplanar waveguide (ECPW) and rectangular waveguide. The chip-to-waveguide transition in back-to-back configuration exhibits a simulated return loss of 10 dB and insertion loss of 3 dB from 128 GHz to 153 GHz. For higher directivity, a horn antenna is used together with the chip-to-waveguide transition forming an extended packaging structure that is suitable for the transceiver (Tx and Rx) chips. The simulated gain of the extended packaging structure is 11.9 dBi with 21.4% bandwidth at 140 GHz and the in-band gain variation is 2 dBi.
TS-M-MON-06-05
We propose a new uniaxial chiral metamaterial which is composed of four crescent shaped split-ring resonators mutually twisted by 90° and patterned on opposite sides of a dielectric substrate. It illustrates a strong optical activity and circular dichroism in the range from 5 GHz to 10 GHz. The presented design can be fabricated more easily due to its efficient metallic structures. Furthermore, chirality value of this proposed chiral metamaterial is large enough the optical applications. This study also shows that the proposed crescent shaped chiral metamaterials have good responses when compared with other studied samples in literature. All validations are performed by computer simulation program CST Microwave Studio in the 5-10 GHz frequency range.
TS-M-MON-06-06
Radar systems typically have one antenna for each particular radar. This paper presents the design of a Cassegrain parabolic antenna based on a frequency selective surface able to simultaneously operate in two distant frequency ranges, namely S-band and X-band, for dual-use radars. Numerical results, obtained using ANSYS HFSS, demonstrate the proposed antenna provides 30 dBi gain for 2.45 and 9.9 GHz, which are the frequencies of a photonics-based dual-band radar, previously developed by our research group. The new antenna can be efficiently applied for the development of radar/communication (RadarCom) systems that can be interchangeably used as a radar sensor and communications device.
Microwave and Optical Measurements / Industrial Applications / Tuesday, August 29th / 14:30-16:00 / Ametista Room
Back to topTS-O-TUE-01-01
Performances of microwave photonics devices are evaluated using offline techniques following the appropriate experiments. First, the harmonic distortion and the half-wave voltage of an electro-optical modulator are obtained for the entire bandwidth using opposite phase sinusoidal signals. Then, phase noise, electromagnetic emission behavior, and linewidth of several semiconductor lasers are characterized using heterodyne reception. Both offline analyses employ fast digital signal acquisition and processing.
TS-O-TUE-01-02
Metamaterials (MMs) are engineered material with electromagnetic properties not commonly seen by natural materials such as negative refraction and near-zero permittivity. These materials have interesting applications ranging from perfect lens and electromagnetic cloaks to leaky-wave antennas and shifters. For such applications, electromagnetic properties of MMs are needed to be known. In this study, we propose a waveguide method for accurate electromagnetic parameter retrieval of weakly-coupled MM slabs (the wavevector is normal to the plane of the metallic inclusions). To achieve our goal, new expressions for effective permittivity and permeability as well as the magnetoelectric coupling coefficient are derived. For validation of our waveguide method, we used the simulated scattering parameters of a MM slab composed of split-ring-resonator unit cells by using a commercial 3D electromagnetic simulation program.
TS-O-TUE-01-03
In this paper, it is presented the design of a low power temperature sensor for the protection of smart cards from attacks at the corners of their operating temperature range. The attacks usually use failure generation techniques for abnormal environmental conditions. They normally result in malfunctions in the smart card processor, allowing additional access to information to happen. The purpose of this design is to effectively protect the chip of smart cards from this art of security tampering for the temperature range -20C to 120C with a small area and low power consumption circuit. The sensor is designed in Cadence and TSMC using the System on a Chip (SoC) concept employing a standard 0.065um CMOS technology and operates for a power supply voltage of 1.2V. It is based on a circuit with two MOS transistors and only one PNP bipolar transistor for producing a Complementary to Absolute Temperature voltage (CTAT). The obtained results for the temperature protection at the corners of a -40C to 140C temperature range and Vdd = 1.2 V +- 10%, show an excellent performance for the sensor; The PSRR -62dB in the worst case and a hysteresis corner 5 millivolts. This new circuit design can effectively work as an excellent protector against security tampering to smart cards.
TS-O-TUE-01-04
This paper presents a simple and reconfigurable photonics-based radiofrequency phase shifter (PBPS) for ultra-broadband communications. The proposed approach makes use of a single DC voltage control to manage the RF signal phase. It employs a single-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator, an optical filter and optical phase shifter for performing a continuous (from 0 to 360° )RF phase shift over an ultra-wide frequency range. Numerical results demonstrate a flatness phase shift of RF signals up to 100 GHz, with low amplitude and phase deviations of 0.002 dB and 0.050°, respectively. The proposed device can be applied to future wireless networks, including 5G systems operating in the millimeter-waves.
TS-O-TUE-01-05
We report the implementation of a photonics-assisted RF amplifier for broadband and multiband 5G networks. A 2 Gsymb/s signal with different digital modulation formats at 20 GHz and a 100 Msymb/s high-order digital modulated signal at 6 GHz have been used for characterizing the proposed technology as a function of the RF gain, signal-to-noise ratio and error vector magnitude. Experimental results demonstrate RF amplification, reconfigurability, distortion absence and low phase noise levels through 6, 20 and 38 GHz frequency bands, which have been considered potential for the future 5G networks.
Optical Communications Systems — 02 / Tuesday, August 29th / 16:30-17:45 / Ametista Room
Back to topTS-O-TUE-02-01
This invited paper discusses the present status and evolution trends for passive optical networks (PONs). A brief historical overview is provided, leading to the recent NGPON2 (T-WDM) standard. Next, the main technological contenders for the future PON generations are discussed. Emphasis is given on the WDM-PON self-seeded configuration.
TS-O-TUE-02-02
A novel architecture dealing with the coupling between cloud orchestration and network control is here proposed. TRIIIAD — TRIple-Layered Intelligent and Integrated Architecture for Data Centers consists of three horizontal layers and a vertical control, management and orchestration plane. The top layer offers the IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service). The middle layer provides a lightweight routing/forwarding mechanism. The bottom layer works as a distributed photonic switching plane. Finally, the vertical plane is responsible for coordinating the interoperation of those three layers and keeping them agnostic to each other. The vertical plane brings a new concept for server-centric designs: an Augmented Software-Defined Networking, in which a SDN controller can integrate network control with orchestration, so that consistency between decisions taken at network and virtualization layers can be ensured.
TS-O-TUE-02-03
Optical networks are facing complexity and management challenges because a multi-technology infrastructure is required to support an ever-increasing traffic volume and dynamicity. In this heterogeneous context, we recently proposed a Cognitive Methodology to adjust the gain operating point of optical amplifiers using case-based reasoning. In this paper, we evaluate the execution time and introduce a modification on the original Cognitive Methodology to improve this critical parameter without degradation on the optical performance. The obtained results show an execution time reduction of around 92\%, with the same (or even better) optical performance.
Optical Components, Fibers and Devices — 02 / Tuesday, August 29th / 14:30-16:00 / Safira Room
Back to topTS-M-TUE-03-01
In this paper, artificial neural networks are modeled to predict complete band-gaps of bi-dimensional photonic crystals. The available data-set has been generated by an integrated artificial immune network and MPB (MIT Photonic Bands) optimization procedure. Two case studies were carried out, considering square lattice photonic crystals composed of two and three silicon round rods embedded in air. Results from tests showed the modeled artificial neural networks are capable of estimating complete band-gaps across the proposed range of rods.
TS-M-TUE-03-02
We suggest and numerically analyze a new type of THz isolator possessing a very compact structure. It is based on a 2D photonic crystal with square unit cell. The forward incident wave in the photonic crystal waveguide with a magnetized ferrite rod is transmitted while the backward wave is blocked due to ferromagnetic resonance losses in the rod. The necessary structure of the AC magnetic field in the ferrite rod with circular rotation in the plane normal to the DC magnetic field is provided by two stubs in the waveguide. The electromagnetic field in the rod has a vortex-like profile. Numerical simulations show that, at the central frequency 0.1066 THz, the proposed isolator has insertion losses lower than -0.8 dB and isolation level better than -15 dB in the operating bandwidth of 0.8 GHz.
TS-M-TUE-03-03
This paper presents a full three-dimensional carpet cloak design, whose invisibility is independent of the incident wave direction. The device is developed with transformation optics and three-dimensional quasi-conformal coordinate transformation, which is obtained through parametrization and numerical optimization. The anisotropy reduction was sufficient to consider the medium as isotropic and to achieve the invisibility effect. The used technique enables to design the carpet cloak in broadband range and independently of light polarization.
TS-M-TUE-03-04
In this investigation we report, to the best of our knowledge, the first realization of air-core optical fibers obtained by drawing a 3D printed preform. Two different optical fibers are presented. Descriptions on the preform preparation and fiber drawing are provided, and our preliminary results are presented.
TS-M-TUE-03-05
The utilization of the temporal coupled-mode theory in the analysis of a photonic crystal based circulator is presented. This method is widely used in the cases where reciprocal components (with symmetrical scattering matrices) are considered, since it provides useful insights about the functioning of these devices. However, the nonreciprocity and the low symmetry of some components, like the concerned circulator, imposes several difficulties on their analysis by means of the temporal coupled-mode theory. Through the calculation of expressions for the scattering matrix entries and the comparison between theoretical and numerical results, we show that it is possible to describe such nonreciprocal structures with low symmetry by means of a temporal coupled-mode theory approach.
TS-M-TUE-03-06
This paper presents optical filters for narrow-band imaging on medical devices. Two optical filters were designed to provide an extremely narrow passband around the 415 nm (blue) and 540 nm (green) wavelengths using the Fabry-Perot phenomenon. Each filter is composed by successive thin-film layers of dielectric materials of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and silicon dioxide (SiO2). The TiO2 and SiO2 that compose the thin-films were fully characterized by ellipsometry applied within the 250-1700 nm wavelength range. The optical performance of the blue NBI optical filter (415 nm) was also measured. These filters were developed to integrate with light emitting diodes (LED) to provide the desired narrow-band imaging (NBI) bands on medical devices.
Optical Sensors and TeraHertz — 02 / Tuesday, August 29th / 16:30-17:45 / Safira Room
Back to topTS-O-TUE-04-01
Experimental results of refractive index response of cascaded long period grating (CLPG) coated with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) are presented in this work. The response of the grating to environmental refractive index changes is investigated by grating immersion into glycerin-water blends with several concentrations. The results indicate that CLPG refractometers with PMMA nanocoating allow refractive index measurement beyond the limit imposed by the cladding refractive index.
TS-O-TUE-04-02
Formerly known as the gap in the electromagnetic spectrum, the terahertz technology is being developed in several fields of science. A terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system will be presented and used to obtain transmission spectra of organic samples. This work proposes the implementation of an algorithm able to extract effective optical parameters of the analyzed samples in terahertz and also their thickness, using only the transmittance as experimental data. Lactose samples were characterized using the proposed method.
TS-O-TUE-04-03
We report on the possibility of remotely characterizing Bragg gratings using an ultra-high-resolution tunable photon-counting OTDR. The achievable 2.8 cm resolution as well as the tunability of the technique permit the determination of the dispersion induced by the grating and its length inside the fiber. We believe that this characterization technique can be employed in long distance monitoring for different Bragg-grating fiber sensors.
TS-O-TUE-04-04
Temperature resolution is a key factor for the performance of a Distributed Temperature Sensor (DTS). One can define the resolution as the degree of uncertainty in the temperature information. Thus, the temperature measured in a steady-state condition at a given point in the fiber will vary between successive measurements and between adjacent points that are at the same temperature. Temperature resolution of the system becomes worse as return signal level decreases, as in the case of measurements in longer fibers or as a result of increased loss due to bends or connectors. Besides, recent studies show temperature resolution becomes worse for high measurement temperatures. In this context, this paper discusses the use of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm to improve the temperature resolution in a DTS by correctly reconstructing hot regions in the fiber without new extra information of the system, such as: impulsive response, attenuation of the signal of interest, local losses due to fiber curvatures and connectors. Therefore, the use of ANN has a strong application in the calibration of DTS systems.
TS-O-TUE-04-05
In this work we described the use of free-space-optics (FSO) for sensing applications in a field test demonstration. The test evaluation was performed in an overhead transmission line during around eight months. We also described the main factors that influence the coupling loss of the FSO devices and the proposed mitigation to turn this application practical in real systems.
Antennas — 03 / Tuesday, August 29th / 14:30-16:00 / Topazio Room
Back to topTS-M-TUE-05-01
This work reports the development of antennas and antenna arrays for the future 5G cellular networks, which have been realized at the Brazilian Institute of Telecommunications (Inatel) in the last four years. Diverse reconfigurable antenna types based on printed and milled structures have been designed, fabricated and proper characterized from microwaves to mm-waves, with the aim of fulfilling the requirements of 5G networks. Numerical simulations and experimental investigations for frequencies up to 40 GHz demonstrate the applicability of the proposed and innovative antenna for the 5G lower/higher frequency bands.
TS-M-TUE-05-02
This paper proposes a high-gain mechanically reconfigurable antenna array based on a ring-shaped slotted-waveguide antenna for mm-wave applications. A full scanning range in the azimuthal plane is ensured by proper mechanically rotating a metallic jacket, which partially covers the array radiating structure. The technique provides a beamwidth of 37º in the azimuth plane and gain of 17.41 dBi at the operating frequency of 27.3 GHz. Significantly, unlike a conventional phased array, this approach does not suffer from: scan loss, beam broadening or SLL degradation. Experimental results of the array element and numerical results of the antenna array demonstrate its applicability in 5G cellular networks.
TS-M-TUE-05-03
This work reports an innovative structure and preliminary results of a four-elements antenna array with beam steering for 5G access cellular networks, operating in the underutilized millimetre wave (mm-wave) frequency spectrum. Its structure is based on four slotted-waveguide antenna arrays, which enables to simultaneously perform radiation pattern reconfiguration in the 28 GHz and 38 GHz bands, providing scanning range of 75° and 55° for the lower and higher frequency bands, respectively. The bandwidth varies from 24.19 GHz to 31.42GHz and from 36.61 GHz to 39.22GHz.
TS-M-TUE-05-04
This paper presents the analysis of microstrip monopoles for applications in ultra wideband systems (UWB). Antenna structures using circular and semi annular ring patches are considered. The antennas are printed on a FR4 dielectric substrate and present truncated ground planes with a small cut beneath the microstrip line feeder to improve the antenna impedance matching. Results for return loss, resonant frequency, and impedance bandwidth are calculated using an iterative fullwave formulation based on the concept of electromagnetic waves (WCIP Method) and simulated using Ansoft HFSS software. Prototypes are fabricated and measured for validation purpose. Agreement is observed between WCIP calculated, HFSS simulated and measured results, confirming the WCIP method accuracy. The performance of the developed antennas are suitable for UWB and broadband systems.UWB and broadband systems.
TS-M-TUE-05-05
In this paper, a two-step methodology is presented to design a low power wireless energy harvesting device. The rectenna system, consisting of an half-wave rectifier circuit and a non-50 ohms antenna, is designed to archive maximal power transfer at some specified frequency and power level. The main idea of this work is to obtain maximum efficiency avoiding complex impedance matching circuits. First, the rectifier circuit is designed and its input impedance is measured under the desired operating conditions (frequency range and input power levels). Then, the antenna geometry is optimized to match the complex impedance of the rectifier. Results are presented for a 2.45 GHz rectenna. The performance of the non-50 ohms antenna is compared to a conventional one.
Satellite Communication / Tuesday, August 29th / 16:30-18:00 / Topazio Room
Back to topTS-M-TUE-06-01
This paper discusses the most critical challenges to be faced by satellite communication networks in a near future fully interconnected world which becomes a reality with the emergence of next generation mobile and fixed services to transfer information data among human beings and their distributed devices and or machines.
TS-M-TUE-06-02
With the beginning of the "CubeSat Era" at the end of the 1990s, a revolution started in the field of satellites. When prof. Twiggs and prof. Puig Suari introduced the CubeSat specifications, nanosatellites were considered only as toys, unable to accomplish interesting mission goals. In the last two decades, CubeSat have became attractive not only for the academic world but also for small companies, industries and governmental institutions, showing that is possible to perform ambitious missions tasks using modern and easy-to-access solutions. The introduction of the CubeSat standard allowed also establishing a new market and the birth of small-sat companies that, starting from successful university projects based on CubeSat, have based their business on the design and manufacturing of CubeSat components. Without the introduction of the Cubesat standard this would have been impossible because there would not have been a market ready to receive these technologies. Furthermore, CubeSats allowed access to space to emerging countries and young generations, such as medium and high school students. The success of this platform encouraged other players to introduce and try to divulgate their own platforms, always trying to reduce weight and costs. Recently, new standards based on nano, pico and femto satellite platforms are becoming more popular and are showing their potentialities for future missions and applications. This paper gives an overview of Cubesats and other small satellites platforms, showing details of some recent missions. Limitations and benefits of every platform will be introduced and discussed.
TS-M-TUE-06-03
Delivery time of products for satellite payloads is increasingly becoming a key competitive factor for companies in the relevant industry sector. This paper discusses a new approach of joining standard waveguide segments such as flanges, bends and straight segments. With the combination of using both a pulsed laser system and wire freed drive along with a special holding mechanism, a complex aluminum waveguide for the Ku band was welded. Measurement showed that the electrical performance exceeds the requirements.
TS-M-TUE-06-04
Within this paper the development and design of a hybrid Ku-band block upconverter (BUC) with a GaN-HEMT amplifier is shown. The BUC is supposed to work within a very small aperture terminal (VSAT) where more often higher output power levels are required. Therefore the authors already developed GaN-HEMT power amplifiers up to Pout= 70 W. In here an integration of a 10 W amplifier within a newly developed BUC is shown that comes along with a small size and low weight paired with a low amount of dissipated power. Additionally the BUC is equipped with a linearization technique that automatically improves the spectral regrowth for common modulation schemes (QPSK, 8PSK), as well as for future high order modulation (DVBS2X, 5G). Finally the BUC is tested with a VSAT in a satellite link and demonstrates its function with up to data rates of 1 Mbit/s.
Materials, Components, Circuits, Devices and Packaging / Tuesday, August 29th / 14:30-16:00 / Turmalina Room
Back to topTS-M-TUE-07-01
There is a growing interest among universities and industry in the field of nano, micro and cube Satellites. These are very small satellites, about the size of a shoebox, which can be launched into space at a much lower cost than typical large satellites. CubeSats are generally low earth orbit -LEO-satellites, which mean they orbit are from 200 to 1200 km above earth surface. Due to the small nature of these satellites on of the concerns is the energy consumption. This paper presents a design strategy of adiabatic digital circuit for this purpose. The adiabatic digital circuits are a kind of design technique where the energy is treated so that the dissipation loss in the circuitry can be minimizing. The design is focused on a four stage JK-FF binary counter using four phase sinusoidal Ac-clocked power supply.
TS-M-TUE-07-02
This paper describes a 24 GHz quadrature demodu- lator (IQ-demodulator) using 65 nm bulk CMOS technology. The proposed IQ-demodulator consists of two direct down conversion mixers and a polyphase filter for 90° phase shifting. The two mixers are matched to 50 ohm by an on-chip bias-tee matching network with ESD protection. The parasitic inductance com- pensation technique is used to minimize the IQ imbalance. The proposed IQ-demodulator is measured with 5 dBm LO power. Measurement results show a peak conversion gain of 7.3 dB with IQ phase and amplitude imbalances of 0.1 dB and 6 degree, respectively. The total power consumption of the demodulator is 16 mW. The active chip area is 0.42 mm2 .
TS-M-TUE-07-03
A 24 GHz low-noise amplifier (LNA) with trimming capability is presented. It is demonstrated, that with the proposed trimming concept, frequency shifts due to model uncertainties, process variations, and underestimated parasitic capacitances can be compensated. The realized LNA showed a shift in peak gain of 2.5 GHz towards lower frequencies in the non-trimmed state. After trimming to the specified operating frequency of 24 GHz, a gain degradation of only 0.3 dB is observed. The trimmed LNA achieves a peak gain of 20 dB at 24 GHz with a 3 dB-bandwidth from 21 to 28 GHz, a noise figure of 3.7 dB, and an OIP3 of 15 dBm. Furthermore, it is equipped with ESD protection and can be supplied with a single voltage. The active die size and the power consumption are 0.13 mm 2 and 17 mW, respectively.
TS-M-TUE-07-04
This paper presents the comparison between the simulated and measured thermal resistance of InP Double Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (DHBT). 3D thermal simulations were carried out in order to compute the temperature distribution across the full structure due to a constant power excitation of devices with up to 8 emitter fingers. The surface temperature profile was then used to compute the average thermal resistance of the multi-finger devices. The comparison with the corresponding results obtained by electrical measurements show a good agreement. The temperature profiles from several simulations are used to extract the thermal resistance matrix used in the electro-thermal coupling network of a compact large-signal model.
TS-M-TUE-07-05
A new type of the graphene-based three-port circulator is suggested and analysed. The cross-section of the component presents a three-layer structure consisting of graphene, silica and silicon. The in-plane figure of the circulator presents a circular graphene resonator and three waveguides symmetrically connected to it. The graphene is magnetized normally to its plane by a DC magnetic field. The physical principle of the device is based on the dipole resonance of the magnetized graphene resonator. We investigate the influence of different parameters on characteristics of the circulator. Numerical simulations demonstrate the isolation of -15 dB in 9.4% bandwidth with the central frequency 5.38 THz. The biasing DC magnetic field is 0.57 T.
TS-M-TUE-07-06
This work presents an analytical formalism for magnetoopic five-layered planar waveguides, which can be used as a fast resource to assist in the design of nonreciprocal optical couplers. The methodology was implemented in a GNU Octave program code and results are shown for both forward and backward guided propagation.
RF Theory and Applications / Tuesday, August 29th / 16:30-18:00 / Turmalina Room
Back to topTS-M-TUE-08-01
This paper reviews many important aspects of human exposure to RF-EMF, considering exposure limits and its rationale; the electromagnetic environment, where people are exposed in indoor and outdoor places; international standards and possible health effects. It shows examples of exposure levels for different radiocommunication services and ongoing work related to EMF Exposure from Brazilian and International Bodies.
TS-M-TUE-08-02
Wireless telecommunications systems operating in the millimeters waveband are heavily affected by rain, signal attenuations occur due to absorption and scattering caused by hydrometeors. Scattering by raindrops can cause interference between wireless systems operating in the millimeter wave range. This paper presents a method of calculating the scattering cross section of raindrop in the millimeter wave range using the Mie theory in some regions of Brazil. The calculations will be based on measurements of the precipitation rate measured in different regions of Brazil and will be compared with the precipitation rates provided by Recommendation ITU-R P.837-6
TS-M-TUE-08-03
The numerical mode-matching (NMM) technique is a very efficient method to solve the electromagnetic problem of logging-while-drilling (LWD) sensors for geophysical prospecting. In this paper we present recent trends that have improved the numerical efficiency of the traditional NMM. Two NMM formulations are discussed here, with focus on its main relevant upgrades compared to previous approaches. We present numerical results for three case scenarios that demonstrate the accuracy of these new proposals to modeling typical well-logging tools used for oil and gas exploration.
TS-M-TUE-08-04
Logging-while-drilling (LWD) tools are routinely used to guide well placement during exploration of hydrocarbons reservoirs. Recent advances in the drilling technologies have allowed real-time proactive geosteering of the drilling direction to steer to a precise target zone. Electromagnetic modeling of LWD sensors in complex geometries is a challenging task to conventional computational electromagnetics~(CEM). In particular, several complications arise due the non-conformal boundaries present in this problem. In this paper we present a pseudoanalytical formulation to handle the electromagnetic wave propagation inside radially-stratified and axially-toroidal structures that could be used as an efficient CEM method for modeling LWD tools inside directional boreholes. Preliminary results demonstrate that our method can accurately analyze LWD sensors in typical directional wells.
TS-M-TUE-08-05
We use the photomixing technique to generate a continuous-wave signal in the EHF (Extremely High Frequency) band and modulate it with a Vector Signal Generator (VSG) programmed with E-TM 1.1 (E-UTRAN Test Model) standard in Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK). To receive the EHF signal, we use a Schottky diode receiver which is in turn connected to a Vector Signal Analyzer (VSA) which determines the Error Vector Magnitude (EVM).
Post Deadline / Wednesday, August 30th / 14:30-15:45 / Topazio Room
Back to topPD-OM-WED-01-01
Long range ultrasonic testing approach is strategic due to its capability to inspect long distances and to detect incipient damage in rail transportation. The present work aims to verify the ability of a FBG sensor to measure ultrasonic guided waves in a subway rail sample. The results were compared with conventional acoustic detection using lead zirconate titanate (PZT) sensor in a 5-m rail sample at 40 kHz.
PD-OM-WED-01-02
In this work we analyze, in the ray optics regime, the optical forces exerted on micro-sized dielectric spheres due to optical beams created as suitable discrete superpositions of scalar and vector Bessel beams — also known as frozen waves, thus envisioning applications in optical tweezers. Scalar frozen waves have been recently and theoretically introduced as auxiliary optical fields in the trapping and manipulation of neutral particles paper in both the Rayleigh (dipole) and the Mie regimes, the latter demanding a full electromagnetic treatment. Here, the extension of previous studies is twofold in the sense that we perform investigations both in the ray optics regime, which has only been previously considered in terms of simplistic models, and in terms of a vector approach which allows us to go beyond the paraxial approximation.
PD-OM-WED-01-03
We experimentally demonstrate transmission of 20x50-Gb/s WDM PAM-4 channels over an 80-km uncompensated fiber link, based on reduced complexity DSP and hardware. BER values below pre-FEC limit of 3.8x10^-3 are reported, validating the proposed architecture for low-cost, high-capacity short-reach connectivity.
PD-OM-WED-01-04
This article discusses the implementation of a wide band vectorial digital modulator and a tool to evaluate the Bit Error Rate. This modulator is capable of generate a wide band (up to 6.3 MHz) 16-QAM modulation in baseband. A second functionality programmed in the tool and reported in this article evaluates the Bit Error rate in order to measure the received signal quality. Results are reported using a Signal Analyzer.
PD-OM-WED-01-05
This paper presents an open source simulation tool called SHARC. This software is designed to support sharing and compatibility studies between IMT systems (including 5G) and other radiocommunication systems according to the framework proposed by Recommendation ITU-R M.2101. In order to show some of the simulator capabilities, this paper also presents a preliminary sharing study between 5G systems and Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) that operate in the same frequency band.
August 27th—30th
Águas de Lindoia, Brazil
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